Gordon Brown, with his wife, Sarah, announced his resignation outside the prime minister’s office at 10 Downing Street.
LONDON — The British prime minister, Gordon Brown, announced his resignation on Tuesday, clearing the way for the Conservatives to take control of the British government after 13 years of rule by the Labour Party.
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Times Topics: Gordon Brown |David Cameron
Sang Tan/Associated Press
Conservative party leader David Cameron left his house in London on Tuesday.
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Standing at a lectern outside the prime minister’s office at 10 Downing Street, Mr. Brown wished the next prime minister well and said: “I have always strived to serve, to do my best in the in the interest of Britain, its values and its people. Thank you, and good-bye.”
Then, with his wife and two sons, he made his way to a blue Jaguar that ushered him to Buckingham Palace, where Mr. Brown offered his resignation to Queen Elizabeth II, a necessary if largely pro forma step in the change of power.
David Cameron, the Conservative leader, was expected to arrive at the palace in short order to accept the queen’s invitation to form a new government, but the shape of that government remained unclear.
Although the Conservatives won the most seats in last week’s elections, they fell short of securing an outright majority in Parliament and have been talking with members of the Liberal Democrats about forming a governing coalition.
A five-hour meeting between Conservatives and Liberal Democrats, who came in third in the elections, ended Tuesday with no announcement of a deal. William Hague, a Conservative leader, emerged from talks without giving any details of the negotiations, saying he and his colleagues were on their way to see Mr. Cameron.
-Fifteen minutes after Mr. Brown arrived to meet the queen, he emerged from the palace, climbed back into the Jaguar and was driven away. Mr. Brown, who said he would immediately step down as the Labour leader, has told aides that he would also resign his seat in Parliament, the BBC reported, and that he was interested in teaching or working for charity.
The day of fast-moving developments came five days after Britain’s most closely watched elections in years left the country in a political stalemate, with control of Parliament split among the Conservatives, Labour and Liberal Democrats.
Mr. Brown had opened talks with Liberal Democrats on Monday in a last-ditch effort to keep Parliament in Labour’s hands, but those negotiations appeared to fall apart on Tuesday, precipitating his resignation.
A morning meeting between a high-level Labour team and negotiators for the Liberal Democrats ended without any announcement of plans to meet again, with some Labour insiders saying the talks had not gone well and that the Brown initiative announced on Monday afternoon was at an end.
The apparent failure of talks with Labour sent Liberal Democrat negotiators directly into a new session with the Conservatives. As the afternoon faded, Conservative and Liberal Democrat negotiators, after four hours of discussions, continued to meet at the cabinet office in London’s Whitehall government district, apparently working through the details of a governing pact, especially on plans to make sharp cuts in Britain’s staggering government deficit. Citing Conservative sources, the BBC reported that the discussions included the possible assignment of cabinet posts to senior Liberal Democrats, including Mr. Clegg and the Liberals’ popular economic spokesman, Vince Cable.
As Labour hopes of staying in government faded, Conservative spirits rose. David Cameron, the Conservative leader, met again with Mr. Clegg, and drove after lunch to the Conservative party’s London headquarters to meet with party workers. Having begun the day with grim-faced demand that the Liberal Democrats make up their minds about their coalition partners quickly, Mr. Cameron appeared cheerful, and left the party headquarters smiling, but refusing to make any comment to reporters.
With momentum running towards the Conservatives, reporters were gathering in large numbers at all the points in Whitehall that have been the focal points of the political mayhem of recent days, as politicians of all three major parties scrambled in an effort to put together a government in the wake of last week’s inconclusive election. But the likelihood of Mr. Brown quitting Downing Street to make way for Mr. Cameron in the hours that remained of Tuesday seemed unlikely, since any deal between the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats would have to pass at least two important hurdles, involving meetings of powerful Liberal Democrat groups that would have to approve a coalition pact before Mr. Clegg can proceed.
The Conservatives, too, had a major meeting planned, with plans for a deal with the Liberal Democrats scheduled to be put before the party’s parliamentarians at 8 p.m. local time, 3 p.m. Eastern time.
The first of the Liberal meetings — with Liberal Democrat members of Parliament and peers — was scheduled for early Tuesday evening; a second meeting, involving the party’s national executive, was likely to meet Wednesday morning.
Ben Stansall/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Liberal Democrat Leader Nick Clegg left his home in London on Tuesday.
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Times Topics: Gordon Brown |David Cameron
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"Proportional representation is a major step upward in the evolution of democracy, and it's high time it came to a major English-speaking nation."Jim Ryan, Friendswood, TX
A spokesman for the Liberal Democrats said that both groups would have to vote for any deal with the Conservatives by a three-quarters majority, or the issue would have to go to a special party conference. Although a Liberal Democrat revolt against any deal with the Conservatives that prompted Mr. Clegg to seek formal talks with Labour on Monday appeared to be fading, few analysts expected the transfer of power to Mr. Cameron to take place before Wednesday, or possibly even Thursday.
Two factors appeared to have put an end to prospects of Labour being able to scuttle the progress that the Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives had reported over four days of talks about a pact that would make Mr. Cameron prime minister. One was the failure of negotiators for Labour and the Liberal Democrats to make a breakthrough in their talks. Ed Miliband, a Labour cabinet minister, looked glum when he emerged from the talks at lunchtime, but spoke of a “a good constructive basis” for an agreement. However, Labour spokesmen said more quietly that the two sides were far apart.
What appeared decisive, however, was the increasing political isolation of Mr. Brown. In three years as prime minister, he has faced down a succession of party revolts, vowing to remain in office to complete what he has presented as a personal mission of guiding the British economy back to a sustained recovery after the country’s worst recession since the 1930’s. But this time, he appeared to have run out of road, with even loyalists who stood by him in previous party upheavals. They appear to have concluded that Mr. Brown’s plan to play godfather to a Labour-Liberal Democrat pact, remaining prime minister until a new Labour leader could take over in the fall, would not fly.
Peter Mandelson, who led the morning’s talks with the Liberal Democrats, left the ministerial meeting at Downing Street grim-faced and tight-lipped, saying nothing; he, more than any other Labour figure, has been crucial to Mr. Brown’s survival in the past. He was one of they architects of the “New Labour” movement that won Tony Blair a landslide election victory in 1997, and opened the way for three successive Labour election victories.
Mr. Brown and Mr. Blair spent much of their 10 years together in government, until Mr. Blair was forced out by internal Labour dissent over the Iraq war in 2007. The two were then in a state approaching estrangement. So it was no surprise that Mr. Brown, in the 24 hours after making his bid for a Labour-Liberal Democrat pact on Monday, found that his remaining political allies were mainly members of the group that had formed around him during the Blair years.
Labour heavy-hitters who emerged as opponents of the Brown plan were mainly, though not exclusively, old loyalists of Mr. Blair. Andy Burnham, whose ministerial career was accelerated by Mr. Brown, was the first of his cabinet loyalists to break ranks, telling reporters at Downing Street that Labour had to “respect the result of the election, and we cannot get away from the fact that Labour didn’t win.” He added: “I think it’s right to say that the party with the most seats” — the Conservatives — “should be the first option” for forming a new government.
The old Blairite cabinet ministers who lined up before television cameras to say that the Conservatives should be given a free run to form a government, either by themselves as a minority or in a coalition with the Liberal Democrats. They included John Reid and David Blunkett, both former home secretaries; and Charlie Falconer, a former lord chancellor, all of whom said that Labour should go into opposition and rebuild itself under a new Labour in preparation for the next election.
Mr. Blunkett was most outspoken, saying that the Liberal Democrats, in shuttling between the two major parties and trying to bid up the price for their support, were “behaving like every harlot in history.”
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